Science Progress with Collaboration
Ali Akbar
Moosavi-Movahedi
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
per
Science today is progressing with scientific collaboration. Scientific cooperation has many benefits. Perhaps the most important part of a research is to provide a rational proposal for solving a scientific or social problem. This means that each research needs a valuable scientific question not reported in scientific literature. To find a valuable scientific question, there is a need for discussion with intellectuals and scientists and researchers. Inviting experienced scientists are required for definition of enriched proposal. Another subject of scientific progress in empirical sciences is the issue of accurate measurement at very small scales. Buying nano or femto scale devices for measurements may not be so easy, but it's much easier to collaborate with others who have different measurement devices. Another important issue of science's progress is the publication of the world's most prestigious scientific publications. Writing an article that is an innovation report and a researcher's discovery requires the need for a scientific literary editorial and text editing in an international language that requires collaboration with others. Other major issues of science progression are interdisciplinary science, which also requires collaboration with other scholars. Science progress will solve the problems. Most of the time, the root of the problem is elsewhere, which is solved by research, the scientific outlook and rationality of that problem. Therefore, ways of scientific cooperation should be strengthen for advancement of science at the national and international levels and should be supported by relevant authorities.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
1
1
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242667_6ef7c08d4ad3dc0678107b36b44b9cd4.pdf
Evaluating of Iran Scientific Documents in 2017
Ali Akbar
Saboury
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
per
Based on the number of scientific documents indexed in the web of science in Thomson Reuters, the number of Iranian scientific documents is 38003(1.97% of the world value and rank of 17) in science, 2192 (0.68% of theworld value and rank of 28) in social sciences, 168 (0.15% of the world value and rank of 47) in art and humanities and 38676 (1.78% of the world value and rank of 17) in total, in 2017. Increase the number of scientificdocuments relative to past year was 8.3%, which in comparison to the value in 2016 (12.8%) shows a less acceleration. In total published scientific documents, for the first time, the rank of Iran is higher than Turkey. The rank of Iran is 17 due to the contribution of 1.78%, while the rank of Turkey is 19 due to the contribution of 1.60%. Therefore, the rank of Iran increases one step, while for Turkey decreases two steps. However, Turkey is ahead of Iran both in social science by the rank of 21 (1.06% contribution in the world) and art and humanities by the rank of 27 (0.44% contribution in the world). The ranks of Iran in social science and art and humanities were 28 and 47, respectively. Similar to the before year, USA, China and England were the ranks of one to three in the world due to their contributions of 27.7%, 16.9% and 7.0%, respectively, for scientific documents productions in 2017. University of Tehran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Amir Kabir University of Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of MedicalScience and Tarbiat Modares University, respectively, were the five topgovernmental universities in 2017. 16.5% of scientific documents in 2017are related to the all branches of Islamic Azad University.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
2
13
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242675_8bea9e3323b876a7fc8f871d1730d522.pdf
Text Writing and Seminar Presentation Skills for Scientists
Arashmid
Nahal
Photonic Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
per
In the present article, paragraph writing skills for research articles,laboratory reports, proposals, thesis and technical reports for filing patent are reviewed. In the second part of the article, simple but important proficiencies and techniques for an acceptable lecture or seminar presentation are discussed. In both sections of the article some usual structures for a scientific text or lecture note, are reviewed and suggested. Following the skills and techniques mentioned in the present article, helps the reader to improve his/her professional skills in writing and oral presentations.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
14
22
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242678_896803670681db0000191bca143490af.pdf
Nobel Prizes in Chemistry, Physics and Physiology-Medicine in 2017
Ali Akbar
Moosavi-Movahedi
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
author
Farid
Nasiri
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
per
Nowadays, science has found the undeniable importance in our lives and the scientific advances have undergone many changes in our life. Accordingly, the Nobel Prizes are awarded to prominent individuals who have embarked to the frontiers of the sciences and make massive discoveries to humanity. In this report introduce and expresses the Nobel laureates and its discovery achievements in 2017. The Physiology-Medical prize was awarded to researchers in the circadian rhythms, the Physics prize was awarded due to the observation of the gravitational wave with laser interferometer and the Chemistry prize was awarded due to the development of cryo-electron Microscope to have high resolution pictures of Biomacromolecules. It is noteworthy that Biophysicists awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and part of the Nobel Prize in Physiology-Medicine. Biophysics today plays an important role in the diagnosis of medical conditions in advanced countries and recognizes early diagnosis of pre-clinical conditions with scientific methods in the field of biophysics.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
23
29
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242679_22cb8f02bfc21aa3f84d4304fe1cd5e7.pdf
Epigenetic Modifications and Lifestyle
Ali Mohammad
Banaei-Moghaddam
Laboratory of Genomics and Epigenomics (LGE), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
per
Genetic variations can be caused by mutations in hereditary material of DNA and usually lead to the undesirable phenotypes such as diseases. Genetic variations are stable and inherited from cell to cell or passed down through generations. Nonetheless, in some cases the expression pattern of a gene and consequently the function of its product is changed similar to the outcome of mutation without any alteration in the underling DNA sequences. These heritable epigenetic modifications arising from chemical modifications of DNA and proteins that help to package the DNA within the cell nucleus. They are reversible and dynamics of this process is affected by environmental stimuli. Hence, natural selection can act on these modifications and affect the rate of adaptation over time. In this review, the concept of epigenetic modifications will be introduced first and then the mechanisms of their establishment, maintenance and erasure as well as their roles will be discussed. Afterwards, the effects of lifestyle on the pattern of epigenetic modifications, their reversibility, the effects of ancestral lifestyle on the epigenome profile of their descendant and the possibility of genetic alteration via epigenetic modifications will be discussed.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
30
39
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242681_a41d97ce6e9e0b7781f7baa5a76a9c67.pdf
Earthworm, Vermiremediation and other Technologies
Mahdi
Zarabi
University of Tehran, Faculty of Science and Technology, Life Sciences Engineering, Tehran, Iran.
author
Seyyede Nazila
Jafari-farjam
Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Ashrafalsadat
Hatamian-Zarmi
Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2017
per
The origin of earthworms back to 600 million years ago. Darwin made the first studies on these invertebrates comprising 60-80% of the soil biomass. Their impact on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil with continuous swallowing is the simplest known task of these animals. But today, several technological properties on earthworms have been discovered. Some products such as susceptible drugs, natural cosmetics, protein based on animal foods, bio-organic fertilizers (vermicompost) and natural insecticides are among these. These animals are also used to processing corrosive waste(organic), remediate different kinds of hazardous contaminants and pollutants in soil such as heavy metals, petroleum pollutants and pesticides and water, which is named on vermiremediation. This article addresses these technologies.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
40
50
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242684_d907b04e349b1a91d84726648828c327.pdf
The Importance of the Effect of Aroma or Smell in Human Health
Arefeh
Seyedarabi
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Zahra
Seraj
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2017
per
Aroma or smell comes from molecules which are small in size and have a high vapour pressure hence can be detected by our olfactory sense. Smell molecules can be pleasant or foul smelling and while we enjoy the pleasant smell molecules found in the food sources we eat, the scents of flowers and plants we are exposed to in nature or through the use of aromatherapy and the fragrances and cosmetics we buy and use on a daily basis, we resent foul smell of garbage and putrefied substances which can affect our brain in negative ways with reports of foul smell causing forgetfulness and memory impairment. However, in our recent study, the effect of smell has been investigated showing eye-catching functional and structural changes at the molecular level. The preliminary research carried out so far has emphasized the need for research on the importance of the effect of smell on protein molecules involved in health and disease and opened a new research area to be explored and investigated further.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
51
55
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242685_d77cbc676594cb4e599938906845e7e0.pdf
Importance of Health Tourism with Emphasis on Medical Tourism
Mahdi
Ebrahimi
Business Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
author
Amirhossein
Tayebi Abolhasani
Business Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2017
per
In addition to its role in the expression of national identity, the expansion of the tourism industry promotes broader economic dimensions, including the creation of job opportunities, income generation, poverty reduction and the spread of social justice and welfare in society. Among the various tourism areas, health tourism and its subcategories have received great attention due to their competitive advantages and abilities. In this research, the aim of this study was to investigate the nature of tourism in view of the importance of the medical tourism branch of the health tourism complex, with the help of library resources and the analysis of expert opinions. In addition, its status in Iran is briefly presented. In this regard, the greatness of the ancient medicine of Iran and its valuable services are presented to the world and contemporary medicine is also examined. The results show that while contemporary Iranian medicine is also worthy of appreciation, it needs to be stepped up in its ever-increasing promotion. There are generally experienced physicians, medical history, therapeutic and regulatory infrastructure, the existence of standard hospitals and clinics, adequate and up-to-date medical equipment, suitable housing services such as hotel hospital, proper nursing service, and the existence of rules of medical monitoring is the major healthcare infrastructure of a country, in order to enable the country to integrate tourism and tourism services into the medical tourism sector at a qualitative stage.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
56
64
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242687_382e90d8fe1d7838d2bbd5f717b9e73a.pdf
Cultural and Natural Values of Sabalan Mountains to Inscription in UNESCO World Heritage List
Behrouz
Afkhami
Department of Archaeology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
per
According to the definition of the terms 1 and 2 of World Heritage Center (WHC) UNESCO; Sabalan Mountain should be considered as a landscape with regard to the have natural-cultural heritage. Until now, Iran has no similar work on the World Heritage List (WHL). Due to the cultural and natural features of this mountain as well as having comparable features with the ten norms defined in WHC, the Sabalan landscape has greatest chance to inscription of in the world heritage list. The aim of this study is to describe Sabalan realities objectively and comparing its features with ten norms of WHC for registration on WHL. This is a goal in order to compare the status quo (national registration) with the optimal situation (World Heritage). The ultimate result of Sabalan registration on the WHL is turning it into an international top brand, which would play a crucial role in the conservation/health of the Sabalan natural-cultural heritage and tourism development.
Science Cultivation
Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology in Iran (FAST-Iran)
2008-935X
08
v.
1
no.
2017
65
72
https://www.sciencecultivation.ir/article_242688_980453ded383a05c1cc3c49e3cfb299e.pdf