باستان شناسی کاربردی؛ کشف گذشته و استفاده معاصر

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه باستان‌شناسی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

باستان‌شناسی بر اساس بقایای مادی و معنوی؛ گذشته انسان (نوع بشر) را تفسیر و بازسازی می‌نماید. وقتی صحبت از داده‌های باستان‌شناسی می‌شود، افکارمان به آثار باقی‌مانده از گذشتگان مانند دست‌نوشته‌ها، اسباب و وسایل، باقیمانده خانه‌ها و آثار فرهنگی که موزه‌های ما را پرکرده است، معطوف می‌شود؛ بنابراین موضوع اصلی باستان‌شناسی انسان و دست‌ساخته‌های انسانی است که نوع بشر در طول زمان به‌صورت عمد یا غیر عمد (آگاهانه یا ناآگاهانه) به وجود آورده است. امروزه رویکرد به گذشته بر اساس دانش باستان‌شناسی کاربردی؛ استفاده از گذشته برای حل مسائل و مشکلات جامعه معاصر در حوزه‌های فرهنگی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی است. باستان‌شناسی کاربردی از اوایل دهه‌ی 1990 میلادی با مطرح‌شدن موضوعاتی همانند «توسعه پایدار» و «موضوعات سبز» و «مدیریت محوطه» ها رایج شده است. هدف مقاله حاضر تبیین اهمیت باستان‌شناسی کاربردی به‌عنوان دانش میان‌رشته‌ای برای ایجاد فضاهای کسب‌وکار جدید از محوطه‌های میراث فرهنگی در راستای توسعه گردشگری و دارائی‌های فرهنگی کشور به‌وسیله عینیت‌بخشی و حفاظت پایدار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Applied Archaeology, Uncovering the Past and Use the Present

نویسنده [English]

  • Behrouz Afkhami
Associate Professor, Department of archaeology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
چکیده [English]

Archaeology interprets and rebuilds the past of human (mankind) based on material and spiritual remains. When it comes to archeological data, our thoughts will be focused on remain works of past people such as manuscripts, furniture, remaining of houses and cultural works which fills our museums; therefore, the main issue of archaeology is humankind and its artifacts that human species creates either intentionally or unintentionally (consciously or unconsciously) during the time. The current archaeology in Iran is working with a historical cultural approach which is an evolutionary approach to morphology of past people's artifacts; while applied archaeology is looking for solving the problems of contemporary society with development and comprehensive approach by using of the past.The aim of this article is explaining the importance of applied archaeology as interdisciplinary knowledge. The research is done in a descriptive–analytical manner and with critical approach. The result shows that applied archaeology has nature of interdisciplinary and according to that, it could use cultural heritage huge potential of the country contemporary and modern coincides with the objectification and stable protection to develop the tourism and cultural economy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • applied archeology
  • cultural property
  • past
  • usable
  • contemporary
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