ماهی زبرا: گونه مدل مطالعاتی بیماری‌های انسانی و تغییرات رفتارشناسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه گیلان، دانشکده منابع طبیعی،گروه شیلات

2 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا

چکیده

ماهی زبرا ( Danio rerio) یک‌گونه ماهی استخوانی متعلق به خانواده کپور ماهیان بوده و بومی آب شیرین رودخانه‌های شمال شرقی کشور هند و بنگلادش می‌باشد. این ماهی به‌عنوان یک‌گونه آکواریومی و دارای زندگی گروهی-اجتماعی در دنیا شناخته شده است. این گونه از نظر مطالعات آزمایشگاهی دارای مزایای زیادی است که شامل نگهداری آسان، قدرت تولیدمثل بالا، شفافیت بدن در مراحل جنینی و لاروی، تراکم‌پذیری بالا و هزینه نگهداری پایین می‌باشد. از مزایای دیگر این‌گونه امکان بررسی گسترده مراحل تخم، جنینی، لاروی و بالغ در مطالعات علوم مختلف می‌باشد. امروزه ماهی زبرا به‌عنوان یک‌گونه مدل در علوم شامل عصب‌شناسی، سم‌شناسی، ژنتیک، اختلالات غدد درون‌ریز، زیست‌شناسی مهره‌داران، تکامل زیستی، بیماری‌های انسانی و همچنین رفتارشناسی شناخته‌شده می‌باشد. در این مقاله ابتدا مروری بر اهمیت استفاده از ماهی زبرا به‌عنوان مدل و گونه پیشرو در انجام مطالعات بیماری‌های مختلف انسانی پرداخته می‌شود. در ادامه به بررسی و ارزیابی این‌گونه در مطالعات رفتارشناسی و پاسخ‌های رفتاری این‌گونه نسبت به محرک‌های محیطی با استفاده از حواس بویایی، شنوایی و بینایی می‌پردازیم. در پایان، محققین رفتارشناسی باید رفاه جانوران در اسارت را در نظر گرفته و اثرات بالقوه محرک‌های محیطی که قابل ادراک توسط حواس در ماهی‌ها می‌باشد را در نظر داشته باشند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Zebrafish: A Model to Study Human Diseases and Behavioural Changes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Shafiei Sabet 1
  • Fatemeh Alizadeh Ladmakhi 2
  • Shaghayegh Jami 2
1 University of Guilan, Faculty of Natural resources, Fisheries Department, Beavioural Biology Section
2 Fisheries department, Faculty of natural resources, University of Guilan, Sowmwh Sara
چکیده [English]

Zebrafish Danio rerio is a bony fish species belonging to the carp family and native to freshwater rivers in north-eastern of India and Bangladesh. This fish is known as an aquarium fish and has a group-social life in the world. This species has many advantages in terms of laboratory studies, including easy maintenance, high reproductive rate, body transparency in embryonic and larval stages, high density and low maintenance cost. Another advantage of this species is the possibility of extensive study of egg, embryonic, larval and adult stages in various scientific studies. Nowadays, zebrafish is a well-known and prominent model in the sciences, including neurology, toxicology, genetics, endocrine disorders, vertebrate biology, biological evolution, human disease, and also well-known in behavioural studies. Here, in this review, firstly we report the importance of using zebrafish as a model and pioneer species in the study of a broad range of human diseases. As a follow up, we examine the validity of this species in behavioural studies and their behavioural responses to environmental stimuli using chemical senses, hearing and visual sensory modalities. Finally, investigators of fish behaviour should take into account animal welfare issues and consider the potential for multi modal effects on laboratory tests.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Science
  • Human Diseases
  • Behavioural Biology
  • Zebrafish
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