[1] Levinovitz, A. W., & Ringertz, N. (2001). The Nobel Prize: the first 100 years. Imperial College Press, London, England, 20-25
[2] Eshach, H. (2009). The Nobel Prize in the physics class: Science, history, and glamour. Science & Education, Vol. 18, No.10, PP. 1377-1393.
[3] Schubert, E. F., Gessmann, T., & Kim, J. K. (2005). Light emitting diodes. John Wiley & Sons, New York City, United States, PP 32-44
[4] Fukasawa, K., Miyashita, J., & Tsuchiya, K. (2005). U.S. Patent No. 6,914,267. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
[5] Yagi, T. (2004). U.S. Patent No. D491, 899. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
[6] Mitschke, U., & Bäuerle, P. (2000). The electroluminescence of organic materials. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 10, No. 7, PP. 1471-1507.
[7] Burroughes, J. H., Bradley, D. D. C., Brown, A. R., Marks, R. N., Mackay, K., Friend, R. H., Holmes, A. B. (1990). Light-emitting diodes based on conjugated polymers. Nature, Vol. 347 No. 6293, PP. 539-541.
[8] Grimsdale, A. C., Leok Chan, K., Martin, R. E., Jokisz, P. G., & Holmes, A. B. (2009). Synthesis of light-emitting conjugated polymers for applications in electroluminescent devices. Chemical reviews, Vol. 109, No. 3, PP. 897-1091.
[9] Heeger, A. J. (2001). Semiconducting and metallic polymers: the fourth generation of polymeric materials (Nobel lecture). Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 40, No. 14, PP. 2591-2611.
[10] Shirakawa, H. (2001). The discovery of polyacetylene film: the dawning of an era of conducting polymers (Nobel lecture). Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 40, No. 14, PP. 2574-2580.
[11] MacDiarmid, A. G. (2001). “Synthetic metals”: A novel role for organic polymers (Nobel lecture). Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 40, No. 14, PP. 2581-2590.
[12] MacDiarmid, A. G., Heeger, A. J., & Nigrey, P. J. (1982). U.S. Patent No. 4,321,114. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
[13] Johns, D. A., & Martin, K. (2008). Analog integrated circuit design. John Wiley & Sons, 30-35
[14] Moore, J. W. (2001). Nobel Prizes, 2000. Journal of Chemical Education, 78, 8.
[15] Giaever, I. (1974), Electron tunneling and superconductivity, Reviews of Modern Physics 46.2: 245.
[16] Ginzburg, V. L., Abrikosov, A. A. and Leggett, A. J. (2003), Nobel Prize, 2003, Pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids, Low Temperature Physics 29.12: 971.
[17] Janesick, J. R. (2001). Scientific charge-coupled devices (Vol. 117). Bellingham: SPIE press.
[18] Lamture, J. B., LBeattie, K., Burke, B. E., Eggers, M. D., Ehrlich, D. J., Fowler, R., ... & Varma, R. S. (1994). Direct detection of nucleic acid hybridization on the surface of a charge coupled device. Nucleic acids research, Vol. 22, No. 11, PP. 2121-2125.
[19] Smith, G. E. (2010). Nobel Lecture: The invention and early history of the CCD. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, No. 3, PP. 2307.
[20] Boyle, W. S. (2010). Nobel lecture: CCD—an extension of man’s view. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, No. 3, PP. 2305.
[21] Kao, C. K. (2010). Nobel Lecture: Sand from centuries past: Send future voices fast. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, No. 3, PP. 2299.
[22] Hall, J. L. (2006). Nobel Lecture: Defining and measuring optical frequencies. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 78, No. 4, 1279.
[23] Novoselov, K. S. A., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S., Jiang, D., Katsnelson, M., Grigorieva, I., and Firsov, A. (2005). Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene. nature, Vol. 438, No. 7065, PP. 197-200.
[24] Nair, R. R., Blake, P., Grigorenko, A. N., Novoselov, K. S., Booth, T. J., Stauber, T., ... & Geim, A. K. (2008). Fine structure constant defines visual transparency of graphene. Science, Vol. 320, No. 5881, PP. 1308-1308.
[25] Geim, A. K. (2011). Nobel Lecture: Random walk to graphene. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 83, No. 3, PP.851.
[26] Novoselov, K. S. (2011). Nobel lecture: Graphene: Materials in the flatland. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 83, No. 3, PP. 837.
[27] Heber, Joerg. (2014). Nobel Prize 2014: Akasaki, Amano & Nakamura. Nature Physics Vol. 10, No. 11, PP. 791.