تاریخچه کشف انسولین و استفاده از آن در کنترل دیابت

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

مرکز تحقیقات پروتئین،آزمایشگاه نانو بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی،تهران، ایران.

چکیده

نوآوری­ها و دستاورد­های تشخیصی و درمانی در طول تاریخ علوم پزشکی منجر به کاهش میزان بیماری­ها و افزایش طول‌عمر انسان­ها و در نتیجه باعث بهبود کیفیت زندگی شده است. یکی از دستاوردهای مهم در تاریخ پزشکی، مربوط به­کشف انسولین در سال 1921 (دو سال پس‌از اتمام جنگ جهانی اول در اروپا و غرب آسیا) می­باشد که حاصل تلاش­های تیم تحقیقاتی کانادایی مستقر در تورنتو بود. این تحقیقات به رهبری یک پزشک جراح و یک فیزیولوژیست و بیوشیمی­دان انجام شد و جایزه نوبل در فیزیولوژی یا پزشکی در سال 1923 به آنها اعطا شد. در طی صد سال پس از این کشف، تحقیقات مربوط به انسولین به‌منظور تعدیل بیماری دیابت توسط بسیاری از دانشمندان دیگر در دوره­های زمانی مختلف به انجام رسیده است. کشف انسولین و توسعه داروهای جدید برپایه آن، منجر به ظهور بینش و درک علمی جدید از دیابت شد و همچنین زمینه توسعه رویکرد­های جدید برای نظارت بر این بیماری را فراهم آورد. تلاش­های دانشمندان از زمان کشف انسولین منجر به بهبود کیفیت زندگی و نجات جان میلیون­ها انسان در سراسر جهان شده است.
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The History of Insulin’s Discovery and Its Use in Diabetes Management

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yahya Sefidbakht
  • Negin Safaei Hashkavaei
  • Fatemeh Bayani
  • Sareh Arjmand
  • Narges Parniaei
Protein Research Center, Faculty of New Technologies and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Diagnostic and therapeutic innovations and achievements throughout the history of medical sciences have led to a reduction in the number of diseases and an increase in the life expectancy of humans, thus improving the quality of life. One of the most important achievements in the history of medicine is related to the discovery of insulin in 1921 (two years after WW1), which was the result of the efforts of a Canadian research team based in Toronto. This research was conducted by a surgeon and a physiologist biochemist, and it won them the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923. During the hundred years after this discovery, research on insulin has been done to reduce the manifestations of diabetes by other famous people in different time periods. The discovery of insulin and development of new drugs based on it, which like many other important discoveries in applied and therapeutic fields were mainly carried out by basic science scientist, led to the emergence of new insights and scientific understanding of diabetes and also provided the basis for the development of new approaches to monitor this disease. Since the discovery of insulin, the efforts of scientists have improved the quality of life and saved the lives of millions of people around the world over the past hundred years.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diabetes
  • insulin Discovery
  • Diabetes Statistics
  • basic Sciences and Nobel Prize
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