سبک زندگی علمی و شادی

نورآذران, مونا; یوسفی, رضا; ضرابی, مهدی; علوی پناه, سید کاظم; موسوی موحدی, علی اکبر

سبک زندگی علمی و شادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشگاه تهران، مرکز تحقیقات بیوشیمی و بیوفیزیک

² دانشگاه تهران،دانشکده علوم و فنون ،مهندسی علوم زیستی

³ گروه سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران و عضو همکار کرسی یونسکو در تحقیقات بین رشته ای دردیابت در دانش

⁴ مرکز تحقیقات بیوشیمی و بیوفیزیک، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مطالعات پیشین نشان می‌دهد که بین شادی و سلامت جسمانی همبستگی معناداری وجود دارد. شادی به بهبود بیماران کمک می‌کند و از افراد سالم در برابر بیماری محافظت می‌نماید. این موضوع راه جدیدی را برای ارتقای سلامت عمومی، نشان می‌دهد و پیشنهاد می‌کند که می‌توان با افزایش شادی افراد، سلامت آنها را نیز افزایش داد. نقطه مقابل شادی، به‌معنای رضایت از زندگی، موضوع افسردگی است که یکی از علل اصلی ناتوانی افراد در جهان می‌باشد و شیوع آن در سه دهه گذشته افزایش چشمگیری داشته است. شواهد نشان می‌دهد که سبک زندگی نوین صنعتی می‌تواند در افزایش احتمال ابتلا به افسردگی نقش داشته باشد. عوامل زمینه‌ساز شادی به دو گروه اصلی عوامل درونی و عوامل بیرونی تقسیم می‌شوند و شادی به‌عنوان یک احساس در نتیجه تعامل این عوامل با یکدیگر شکل می‌گیرد. ژنتیک و عملکرد ژن‌های خاص نقش مهمی در میزان شادی افراد دارد. تعامل انتقال‌دهنده‌های عصبی مرتبط با شادی نظیر سروتونین، دوپامین، نوراپی نفرین و اندورفین با مراکز تنظیم احساسات در مغز، عملکرد برخی هورمون‌ها نظیر کورتیزول، آدرنالین و اُکسی توسین، فعالیت سیستم ایمنی، التهاب و نیز میزان استرس اکسایشی از عوامل درونی تأثیرگذار بر شادی می‌باشند. محققان بر این باورند که مسیرهای زیستی مرتبط با شادی، تحت‌تأثیر عوامل محیطی و اجتماعی قرار دارند، به‌عبارت دیگر می‌توان با استفاده از عوامل محیطی و سبک زندگی علمی، مسیرهای بیوشیمیایی منتهی به شادی و یا افسردگی را مدیریت کرد. رژیم غذایی مناسب، خواب، ورزش، نیایش و مراقبه، بهره‌مندی از طبیعت و نور خورشید و روابط اجتماعی مطلوب از جمله عوامل سبک زندگی خوب می‌باشند که با کمک آنها می‌توان میزان شادی و رضایت از زندگی را افزایش داد. از این‌رو شناسایی عوامل مهم بروز شادی حائز اهمیت می‌باشد که در این مقاله به آن پرداخته می‌شود

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2008935.1402.13.2.3.2

عنوان مقاله [English]

Lifestyle and Happiness

نویسندگان [English]

Mona Nourazaran ¹
Reza Yousefi ¹
Mahdi Zarabi ²
Seyed Kazem Alavipanah ³
Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi ⁴

¹ Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran

² University of Tehran, Faculty of Science and Technology, Life Sciences Engineering

³ Professor in Department of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran,Iran. &amp;amp; Member of Unesco Chair in Interdisciplinary Studies in Diabetes.

⁴ Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Previous studies have demonstrated a significant correlation between happiness and physical and spiritual health. Not only does happiness expedite patient recovery, but it also bolsters the health of non-ill individuals. This suggests a novel strategy for promoting public health by enhancing people's happiness. Depressive disorders, which are characterized by a lack of life satisfaction and happiness, are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Evidence indicates that modern industrial lifestyles may contribute to a higher likelihood of depression, underscoring the importance of identifying factors that influence happiness and depression. The factors underlying happiness can be divided into two primary categories: internal and external. Happiness, as an emotion, arises from the interplay of these factors. Genetics and genes contributing significantly influence individual happiness levels. Internal factors impacting happiness include the interaction of happiness-related neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and endorphin with the emotional regulation centers in the brain. The functions of certain hormones like cortisol, adrenaline, and oxytocin, the activity of the immune system, inflammation, and the level of oxidative stress also play a role. Researchers posit that the biological pathways associated with happiness are modulated by environmental and social factors. In other words, the biochemical pathways leading to happiness can be managed through lifestyle and environmental adjustments. Elements such as a balanced diet, adequate sleep, regular exercise, prayer and meditation, calm music, exposure to nature and sunlight, positive attitude to social relationships are good lifestyle factors that can enhance happiness and life satisfaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Happiness
Depression
Serotonin
Melatonin
Oxytocin
Sleep
Prayer
Nature
Exercise
Nutrition
Internet
Scientific lifestyle

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