تحلیل کارآیی بخش ثبت اختراع نظام مالکیت فکری ایران با رویکرد تطبیقی

اخلاقی, محمدمهدی; صادقی, محمود

تحلیل کارآیی بخش ثبت اختراع نظام مالکیت فکری ایران با رویکرد تطبیقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

¹ گروه مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

² گروه پژوهشی آینده نگاری و سیاست پژوهی، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران

³ گروه حقوق مالکیت فکری، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

وجود و قوت نظام مالکیت فکری موجب افزایش نوآوری و درنتیجه رشد و پیشرفت اقتصادی کشورها می‌شود. در همین خصوص کارایی نظام ثبت اختراعات در کشور اهمیت پیدا می‌کند. یکی از دلایل عدم پیشرفت و توسعه کشور در زمینه توسعه فناوری مشکلات نهادی حوزه‌های مرتبط است. با وجود گذشت نزدیک به یک قرن از اولین قوانین مربوط به مالکیت فکری در کشور، همچنان نظام مالکیت فکری با مشکلات مختلفی روبروست. در این مطالعه به بررسی کارایی بخش ثبت اختراعات نظام مالکیت فکری با رویکرد تطبیقی و مقایسه با دو کشور هند و ویتانم پرداخته شده است. ایران، هند و ویتنام سه کشور برتر از منظر شاخص‌های نوآوری در میان کشورهای با درآمد متوسط به پایین در گزارش‌های سالانه شاخص جهانی نوآوری سازمان جهانی مالکیت معنوی هستند. طبق بررسی بعمل آمده علی رغم تعداد زیاد اختراعات ثبت شده در کشور، گواهی‌های ثبت اختراع از کیفیت قابل قبولی برخوردار نیستند. با بررسی بعمل آمده مشخص شد که قوانین مکمل در راستای حمایت از مخترعین و هزینه‌های پایین ثبت اختراع در ایران منجر به افزایش تقاضای ثبت اختراع در ایران شده است. از طرف دیگر وجود ضعف در ساز و کار ارزیابی اختراعات منجر به کیفیت پایین ثبت اختراعات در ایران است. در همین خصوص تقویت نظام ثبت اختراعات با افزودن نظام اشیا مفید ، باز تنظیم هزینه‌های ثبت اختراع و تدوین نظام ارزیابی چند مرحله‌ای و ساز و کار ارزیابی مناسب به عنوان راه‌حل‌های پیشنهادی مطرح شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2008935.1402.13.2.9.8

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing The Effectiveness of The Patent Subsystem of Iran's Intellectual Property System with A Comparative Approach

نویسندگان [English]

Mohammad Mahdi Akhlaghi ¹ ²
Mahmoud Sadeghi ³

¹ Department of IT Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

² Department of Foresight and Policy Study, Niroo Research Institute., Tehran. Iran

³ Department of Intellectual Property Law, Faculty of Law, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The existence and strength of the intellectual property system increases innovation and as a result the economic growth and development of countries. In this regard, the efficiency of the patent system in the country becomes important. One of the reasons for the country's lack of progress and development in the field of technology development is the institutional problems of related fields. Although nearly a century has passed since the first laws related to intellectual property in the country, the intellectual property system is still facing various problems. In this study, the effectiveness of the patenting subsystem of the intellectual property system has been investigated with a comparative approach and comparison with the two countries of India and Vietnam. Iran, India and Vietnam are the top three countries in terms of innovation indicators among low-middle income countries in the annual reports of the World Intellectual Property Organization's Global Innovation Index. According to the survey, despite the large number of patents registered in the country, patent certificates are not of acceptable quality. Through the investigation, it was found that complementary laws to protect inventors and low patenting costs in Iran have led to an increase in the demand for patenting in Iran. On the other hand, the existence of weakness in the patent evaluation mechanism leads to the low quality of patent registration in Iran. In this regard, the strengthening of the patent system by adding the system of utility model, readjustment of patent costs, and the development of a multi-stage evaluation system and appropriate evaluation mechanism were proposed as solutions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Innovation Rights. Intellectual Property. Invention Evaluation System. Patent. Utility Model

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